A protein designated JASSY transfers 12oxoPDA from the chloroplast outer membrane into the cytosol, before this intermediate is transferred by an ATP-binding cassette transfer protein (designated 'CTS1' or 'PAX1') from the cytosol to the peroxisomes, where a flavin-dependent 12oxo-phytodienoate reductase (OPR3) reduces the double bond in position 10, i.e., in the cyclopentenone ring, to yield 3-oxo-2-(pent-2'-enyl)-cyclopentane-1-octanoic acid
Yu P, Zhang J, Ding Y, Chen D, Sun H, Yuan F, et al
For example, folic acid may interact with some drugs for seizures or parasitic infections, while taking vitamin E alongside certain blood thinners, weight-loss drugs, and bile acid sequestrants may cause adverse effects
You might notice better energy or recovery, but the placebo effect is strong
The less-discussed concern is the unwanted-hair side effect: minoxidil applied to the scalp can produce hair growth on the forehead, temples, and face, particularly in women and in users who don't wash the product off their hands
B.JuneC