Common Reflux Triggers on GLP-1s Very spicy foods chilli-heavy dishes, hot sauce, curry with high capsaicin content Tomato-based sauces pasta sauce, pizza sauce, tomato soup (particularly on an empty stomach) Citrus fruits and juices oranges, grapefruit, orange juice Chocolate relaxes the lower oesophageal sphincter Peppermint including peppermint tea (also relaxes the LES) Carbonated beverages even sugar-free ones increase pressure and reflux Coffee, particularly on an empty stomach combines acid stimulation with LES relaxation Onions and garlic in large quantities some patients report significant reactions What to eat instead: Mild-flavour proteins, cooked vegetables (steamed, roasted), plain yoghurt, oats, bananas, ginger tea (actually helps reduce nausea)
See figure 4 in this article The ideal candidate has 10 or more pounds of unwanted body fat that they have had difficulty losing through diet and exercise alone
Sahin GS, Lee H, Engin F (2021) An accomplice more than a mere victim: the impact of -cell ER stress on type 1 diabetes pathogenesis
Mitophagy is crucial for sustaining healthy mitochondria and serves a protective function by eliminating damaged mitochondria and protein aggregates (Liang and Kobayashi, 2016
If you miss a dose of metoprolol tartrate, skip the missed dose and take your next dose at the regular time
Individual tolerance varies, and many patients find they can gradually reintroduce foods as their body adjusts to treatment